Izibindi Ezilinganiselwe Yeyiphansi Nezinselelo Zokugcina Zekhemikhali Zilungise Izintshukumo ZeDiamond

Indlela lefakelwe ngayo imifula evela kumongo wokungena ihlangabezana nokuthintana okukhulu xa kuzama ukulayisha ngendlela ethinta indawo. Inkambo yekhabhoni iqedela ngalezi ziphinkwayo ezihlakaniphile sp3 ezidinga ukuxhumana ngokugcwele nezilimi njenge-nickel. Imiveko ibonisa ukuthi ngokuvamile kuphela oku-5 kuze kube ngu-10 iphesenti yalezi zinto zangaphandle ezizobalwa njengemigudu yokuphatha ngenkathi kusebenziswa imisebenzi engcono ngokwesiqephu esishicilelwe eMaterials Chemistry Frontiers ngo-2022. Ngakho ke, imifula engafakwanga ibeha njengamanqanaba angavumelekile kujika kakhulu komthwalo wezigubhu zomshini. Nakuba leyo mahluko efanayo yiyo ekwenza imifula ibe khona kakhulu ekunqumeni, futhi kuyiyona into eyenza ububi obukhulu uma abasebenzi baphepha ukulaya kumathwala ngendlela ethintana.

Ukuthi Yini Uhlangothi Oluncane Kunesimo Lokuxhumana Okunciphisa Ukuxhumana Phakathi Kwemifula Nezilimi

Idayimonda inamandla wesivinini kwi-40 ukuya ku-60 mJ ngasikhathi esinye, okungaphansi kakhulu kwe-200 ukuya ku-300 mJ ngasikhathi esinye ekudinga ukwenza izinqumulo ezizimeleyo zezinto ezinzima. Ngoba yilokho, xa sizama ukulayisha izintlangu ngothuli kumadaya, zazikha izakhiwo eziphaphazekayo, ezingavimileyo emadayaneni ngaphandle kokwakha indawo ephathelene. Ukusebenzisa imodeli yesicwangciso ikhombisa ukuthi ngenkathi kusenziwa ukugubhuwa, kungaba khona ukuthuthuka kwesivinini phakathi kwe-12 ne-18 MPa kuzindawo apho idayimonda engaqashelwa ihlangana nesayithi yezintlangu. Lokhu kuthinta ukuthi iziqhamo ziphinde ziphinde zingaphezu kwe-40% kunalokho okuhlala kuhlala kuhlala kudayimonda atholile ukuchashwa kwesivinini.

Isibonelo: Ukugcinwa Kwezinkinga Zedayimonda Engaqashelwa Kwindawo Yenikelu

Ukubheka izikhumba zezikweleti ezenziwa ngendlela ye-electroplated emva kuka-2023, abasebenzisi babenguquko betholile into ethintekayo mayelana nediamonds engalungisi. Emva kokusebenza ngokuphindaphindi kwegogo le-granite nje ngemizuzwana engu-50, lezi zidiamonds zilahlela okungenani ama-particules angu-35 kuze kube ngu-40%. Xa bavusebenezela ngamakhamera aphansi kwesekeshini, babona ukuthi amafutha akwe enikelwe aqeda kusayizi sediamonds futhi adlule kushukela kumicrometers engu-80. Manje uqhathanisa lokhu ne-diamonds ezithunyiswe ngasidi, ezingcwele kabanzi. Lezi zithunyisiwe zazilinda okungenani ama-92% wokudala kuzo uma ziqashelwa kuzo lolu hlobo lwebengu. Kanti ke lokhu kusho yini? Ukulungiswa kwezinye zezigaba kubaluleke kakhulu uma sifuna izixhobo zethu zokugawula zibe namandla ngaphandle kokuhlukutshwa ngokushesha kakhulu ngemisebenzi engcono.

Izinhumbhiso Ze-Ukucimba Kwe-Diamond Ngokuvutha Kwesilinganiso Se-Electroplating

Ukusebenzisa Izigaba Zediamond Ukuvutha Kwesilinganiso Ngesivivi Samanzi

Isenzo sa-diamond sikhulekile siqinisekisa ukungafani kwemithetho, ngakho-ke iminyaka engcono kudingeka ngaphambi koko kugweme izixhobo eziphathekayo. Xa i-diamonds ihluka njengekuhlupuka kunye ne-nitric acid okanye ukukhanywa kwindawo phakathi kwe-500 kunye ne-700 degrees Celsius, zidala iqela la-OH elidluliselana ngokwenyani ne-nickel ions ngenkathi ku-electroplating. Lokhu kudala izibopho ezinzima kakhulu ezibonakalayo okungaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo eziphazanyayo kuphela. Umdla ophublikisiweyo kwi-Journal of Materials Processing Technology ngo-2023 wafumana into ethile efihlakeleyo futhi titanium coatings ozotshiwe kwi-diamonds zakhuthaza ubunzima bokuxhunyaniswa phakathi ngama-43 iphesenti xa k сравнena na-diamonds ambazo asikho ukulungiswa lokuthile.

Susa Izigigwini Ukulungisa Ukufakwa Kwezibindi

Amadoti we-hydrocarbon evela kwezimali ayamukelwa kuzindiza i-nucleation sites futhi aqophele amandla wokulayisha. Indlela enkulu ezintathu ekusebenzisa acetone, izisolo zomnqwelo, ne-ultrasonic agitation ikhuphula 99.8% yezici ezingalungileyo ezikude, njengoba kakhokelelwe yi-XPS analysis. Lo mphumela ukukhakha kwizinkinga kwi-nickel matrix okungashabalala ngokuqhubeka kokusebenza.

Ukuvuthela Kuguleka nokuthuthuka kwe-Nucleiation Sites yokufaka ngokuchazwe ngezokwenzayo

Ukugayaza kwe-plasma kususa umkhawulo wokuxhumana kwe-diamond kusuka ku-85° usize ku-35°, okuvuthela ngokusobala ukugulwa kwe-electrolyte futhi kuthuthukise ukulayisha kwegciyesi ngokulinganayo. Ukugayaza ngendlela yekhemikhali embonini yenanoscale kuthathazela impahla ye-nucleation ikhulu kunesayithi esipholishiwe (Surface Engineering, 2022), kuyavutha indlela yokuhlangana ngokushesha phakathi kwe-diamond naseciyesi nguze kube sekusebenza.

Iindlela Ezijwayelekileyo neZihlelekileyo Zokulungisa I-Gonyama Yediamond

Ukulungiswa Ngokwezokwenzi: Ukugaya Ngemvumbi Nokuxhasa Ngokwenziwe Ukuvula Isayithi

Ukulondoloza kwe-diamond ngokuzenzakalelayo kumthwalo wokungahambelani nokureya kufuneka kube yindlela ephathelene nesilinganiso. Uma isilingi sesinotriki siyisebenzisa emva kwezigaba ezingu-60, sibekisela ukugula kwesandla okuphakade—ngaphezu kokuqala kwegama elithile. Lokhu kwenza iziqhamo ezincane zasendleleni ezivimbela ikhanda le-matrix yangaphakathi ngempawu. Indlela engenye ivala ukuvuthwa kwe-air plasma okongezela ihydroxyl groups endleleni. Isiphumo? Izinga le-energic lisungeza kusukela ku-40 milijoules ngosimdaka uze kube ngu-68. Loo mkhuba inemiphikiswano enjalo. Izivivinyo zibonisa uma amadimende avuselelwe ngale ndlela, azama izigaba ezinobuthakathaka nezinikelwe ze-nickel. Ngendlela ethile, lokhu kusho ukuthi kunciphe kakhulu ukususa izinkomo ngexesha lokugcina kwe-granite, ngokwengeziwe kanye ne-38 iphesenti njengoko kubalwe zi-laboratory.

Ukuguquguquka Kwesifazane: Ukulayisha Ngomoya Nge-Ti, Cr, kanye Ne-Mo Coatings

Emasimweni evakwimi, ukusayina kwe-magnetron kubeka amalayini angu-100–200 nm emetali esingayo njengekhromiyamu, tayitaniyamu, noma molybdenamu. Amadhamanti akhromiyamu ayaphathelwa aqinisekisa ukudluliswa okuphindwe kabili ngu-25% emakhishini anikelini. Lezi ziphawu ziqinisekisa ukuqhanganiswa kuze kube ngu-600°C, futhi kuyizidingo eziphambene nezindlela ezinezindlela ezihle njengekuhlinza komphakathi wamathambo we-tungsten.

Ukuchazwa Okulinganisa: Izingxenye Zokuchemba Koma Yomthetho Emasebenzini Yomshini

Nakuba izindlela ezimbiyokemikhono ziyaphila kwezimali eziphakeme (isivikelo esingu-85%), abayenzelula basebandla besizwe sobusha basethulwa ngendlela ebalwa—basisebenzisa ukucuthwa kwamakhlini emva kokugaya kwatayilani. Le ndlela yambalwa iyafakela ukudluliswa kwe-diamond ngo-40% ekugayeni kwe-alloy yamatayilhani kungekuguquko eyodwa.

Ukukhona Kokuzithola Kwe-Diamond Ngokusebenza Kwesitsha Nenkinga Yalo

Ukudluliswa Okuvuthiweyo Kuyaphinde Igaba Lesimo Nenjongo Yokugaya

Izivikelo ezakhiwe ku-Materials Performance Journal ngo-2022 zazifuneka ukuthi izindili ezigcinwe ngendlela yezintonga zilinda kakhulu kumatrikesi we-nickel ngama-68% kunazo ezinye. Kukhomba ukuthi izithembiso zokudrila zingasebenzisa lezi zinkohlwa ezipheleleyo kabanzi kakhulu ngama-30% emaphakethini wokudrila kabusha ngaphambi kokuthi kudingekile ukulungiswa. Futhi, ukususa kahle iziciwane ziyenzela konke. Uma kwenziwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, kwenza umlalo othandabuzekayo ovela kwizixhumanisi ezinamandla phakathi kwezinto. Lezi zixhumanisi zihlanjulula ukugaya okuphambene nokungaba ngu-120 MPa xa kudluliswa ngokungcwele, lokhu kuyisiphakade esikhulu kangangokuba lezi zixhobo zidla njengalokho ekuseni kwezimali.

Ukuxhuma Ngendlela Yomfanekiso Noma Ukuxhuma Ngendlela Yekhemikhali KwiZixhobo ZeDiamond Ezibopheyiwe Ngendlela Yemitya

Izilingo zamanje zenza izindlela ezimbili zokuxhuma ezingumusha:

• Ukuxhuma ngendlela yomfanekiso kufakelwa imigomo engu-25–30 μm ngendlela yokubumba isayizi
• Ukuxhuma ngendlela yekhemikhali kwenza izixhumanisi ze-atomic-level ngapha kwezincwadi ze-transition metal

Nakuba izindlela zomkondo zinika okungu-18–22% kanye nokuthanda ngokushesha, izinye izinkampu ezisebenzisa izici zokuzimiswa kungcono ekugcineni phakathi kwesimo sezulu. Izindlela eziphathelene nezincazelo zokufaka titanium nge-micro-pitting zinika izinto ezifana, zakhupha ukulondoloza kwe-diamond ngaphezu kwezindlela eziyodwa ngama-53% ekugcineni kwegolide.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yini indlela ephathelene nomdla waphansi kwe-diamond ekugcinwa ngokwamandla?

Umdla waphansi kwe-diamond uphinda amabondi angcono ase-sp3 angavuthi ngezintlangu njenge-nickel, akhupheka ukuxhasana ekugcinwa ngokwamandla.

Kunjani umdla waphansi kwe-diamond ubangela ukuxhaseka?

Umdla waphansi kwe-diamond uphinda izicwangciso ezihlukahlukene zezintlangu ekugcinwa ngokwamandla, ngoba awunalo mdla okudingekayo ukuxhaseka kahle kwezintlangu.

Ziziphi izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukuxhasana kwe-diamond?

Izici zokulungisa njenge-oxidation, acid etching, nezincazelo ngezintlangu ezifana ne-titanium zingakwethula ukuxhasana kwe-diamond nokuthanda.

Kungani ukulungiswa kweyisebe kudingeka ekugcineni i-diamond ngendlela ethile?

Ukulungiswa kweyisebe kusiza ekuthutheleni iqiniso phakathi kwezindalo ne-matrix yamathambo, ekhuphula imisebenzi yesixoko kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza.