Iingcinga Ezibalulekileyo Zokwahluka Kwamathuba: Umnwebo, Umbhalo, Nezibalo Zokugqithwa

Ukunikezela kwe-quartz kwisilica (93–97%) nokumnwebo wamohs 7 kunye nomxholo omlamlamayo we-calcite wamarble (Mohs 3–4)

Isiqwirekisi sezinto engezansi seQuartz sikhona ngokuvamile ama-93 kuya ku-97 iphasenthi silica, okusinika uhlu lwe-Mohs olwengeza kakhulu ku-7. Lokhu kwenza kube yizilinganiso ezine amashumi amane okukhulu kunamarble, okhuthazeke kakhulu ngu-calcite nengocebo mngobo ephansi kakhulu ye-Mohs phakathi kwe-3 ne-4. Ngoba kukhona ukuphaphazeka okukhulu phakathi kwezidingo zokusebenza, sizidinga izixhobo ezigcwele ehlukene xa sisebenzisa lezi zinto. I-quartz ihlambulukazi kakhulu futhi ikhipha izixhobo ze-diamond ngokushesha kakhulu, ikakhulu njengoba isenza amathuba amancane aphinde aphilishe lezi ziqhamo zasilica eziphucukile. Imarble inkinga yokubophelela ngokugcwele ukuze ungayihlukananga inkawuli yakhe ngexesha lokusebenzela. Xa umuntu uphendula ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokugcina marblu kuquartz, uzothola ukuthi i-diamonds ziphuluphula ngokushesha ngoba ubunzima obungahle. Ngokwesibini, izixhobo ezihlelekileyo ze-quartz zizotshiswa noma ziyangaphaya kwimpendulo xa zisetyenziswa ngendlela eyingcono. Ukufumana imiphumo embalwa phakathi kwale miqondo emibili, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unezixhobo ezithile ze-diamond ezilandelwe kumoto ngamunye ukuze ufakazane nokuphepha, ungene emva kweminyaka yokusebenza, kanye nokulawula ubume bezinkawuli.

Ukuthi kanjani ukugcuchulwa kwezimali kwi-quartz kusondeza ukucindezelwa kwediamond, ngelixa ukukhathala kuka-marble kubangela ukudluliswa kwezimali nokushisa

Uma sibhantshe ngapha kwe-engineered quartz, kwenza izikhathazelo ezincane kwi-bounding crystal. Lezi zikhathazelo zivuse izinto ezincane zesi-silica ezingenakuthi njengesi-sandpaper ngaphakathi kwezinto ze-diamond grit. Kutheni lokhu kuyinkinga? Kusukela kulezi zinto, zingakhiqiza izixhobo ze-diamond ukuba zihlulelwe kangaka imihla engu-5 kunjalo uma kusebenziswe izinto ezinzima. Ngokuphathelene kwezulu, ngokungafani na, ibhentela ngendlela eyahlukene. Esikhundleni sokuthinta, ibhentela ngendlela yokuthinta ngaphandle kwezixhobo ngaphandle kwezixhobo. I-calcite matrix emarble yahlukile yasuka ngaphandle kwezixhobo ngaphandle kwezixhobo, kuyakhiqiza ukuba kugcine kwezixhobo kwaye kwenza umlalo wokugcina. Lokhu kugcina kufihla i-defects ezincotshwene kwaye kuthinta ngokugcina kwezinto kwaye kuthinta ubume bokugcina. Ngokubhekene nalezi zinkinga ezahlukene, izixhobo ze-diamond zifuneka zibhalelwe ngendlela yokukhethiwe yokubhala. Kufuneka zibe ngokuzungezile ukuba zilondolele izinto ze-quartz kodwa zibonakale ukuba zihlulelwe ngokulondolozi ukuze zingagcinwa ngaphandle kwezixhobo ngaphandle kwezixhobo.

Ubuchwepheshe bwe-Bond Matrix: Ukuhambisana Kwezindlela Zokwenza Okulula Kuzingqoko Zokwakha

Izibindi ze-metal kwezinto ezenziwa ngokulungiselelwa: ukukhathazeka kwegazi elibulala futhi nokholo kakhulu ekugcineni intamo emanzini phakathi kwesilika esikhulu

Ikhapha le-quartz lenziwe ngokulula kakhulu ngoba yanezimali eziphakeme, okusho ukuthi izixhobo ezihlelekile ze-diamond zizohlela kuphela. Ngakho ke abasebenzi basebenzisa izixhobo ezithile ze-diamond nezinqumo zemetali endaweni yazo. Kungani lezi zinqumo zibalulekile? Zilinda kube lunge indawo engcinezileyo isivinini sikhuphukeke xa kusebenziswa ukugayaza okukhulu. Kunye, zilinda kube neminyaka engaphezu kwamabhili angama-600, into ethathe karolwandle xa kusebenziswa indlela yokugayaza engasemvini. Lokhu kubalulekile kakhulu ngoba kumelana ukuthi izivinini sizaleke ku-graphite—le mithombo encinci iyahlukana xa kunezindlela ezinkulu. Uma sibuka imininingwane yesikolethi esihloleni, izixhobo ezineqondo lemethalu zilandela ngokuphindaphindwa kwezintathu kunazo ezinye izinketho ezenziwayo i-quartz. Ukuguquka okuncane kwezixhobo kusinika amahumushu angama-30% emalini aphathekayo ngexesha lokwenza i-slab, futhi lokhu kusinika imali efihlakeleyo emacaleni phakathi kwezidingo ezigcinwe ngokuphindaphinda abafundi balesi cala.

Izibindi ze-resin kwe-marl: ukulawula isimo sokusabela nokuhlaziywa ukuze kuthintwe ukugayazeka kwemilenze futhi kube yimali

Ngoba umarble ungesofti ngokweqile kanti kungaqhubeka kakhulu kunokuthinta, kusebenza kahle kumathuluzi amade amandla amandla. Lezi zixhobo ziqhubeka ngokukhala ngexesha, zibonisa i-diamond eentsha njengoko ziya. Le qhuba eliqhubekayo elikhala kunciphisa ukuba ngaphandle komthamo kumntla nganye, oko kunciphisa amachibi amancomane kwiindlela. I-resin inceda ixhobo lokugcwalisa ukuba libe ngemfuneko, libukhululele ukulandela iindlela ezifana nezinto zokwakhiwa. Umthamo uqhuba ngokulinganayo kumntla wokusebenza, ngoko kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuthintwa kwento phantsi kwesurface. Ukufumana lo gqirha, isiphumo esifanayo nesilika kufuneka kuba ngokulinganayo phakathi kwezixhobo nezinto. Iintengo zomgangatho zibonisa ukuba xa kusebenziswe i-resin bonded tools, abasebenzi bakhangele ngokwe 47 ngaphantsi yeziganeko nganye ngamahundla, ngelishwa ukugcwalisa kunciphisa ngama-35 ngexesha kunazo iintengo eziphathwayo ezinebandla. Lokhu kuthinta kakhulu kumasebenzi apho ukukhula kuthinta ngokulingana nokakha.

Ukudizayina Kwegriti Yediamond: Ukuqinisekisa, Ijometri, Nokukhathazeka Kwesilawuli Ngasinye Isitya

Izixhobo zemetali ezinezinkorkoro eziphezulu (25–35%) zikhipha ukukhathazeka kwegriti ekwakhiweni kwe-quartz

Iquartz ekwakhiweyo ingaba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kumashwaqala agribheni ngokuba iyaphatha kanjani xa kuthathwa. Ngoko ke amashwaqala amuhle anamandla akhona aya kunezinkorkoro ezine-griti eziphezulu ezingama-25% kuze kube ma-35%, onke azotshelwa emetshaleni. Xa kukhona ubungakanani obubi buchazwe be-diamond ebhodini, isixa sikhula kabusha ngaphambi kokuphazamiseka kwesibhedlelo. Manje ngokulandelana nokuba zingaphi i-turbo segmented rims esibonayo kumagxubuko amanje, enene ayethemba ekuphatha ukunyuka kwesitshixo esikhipha isiphumo esithintela konke umntu. Kunye, indima yesiqalekiso sezinhlamvu esisuselwe kuyo sinesidingo sokuthi izindilinga ezintsha zibe yintsingiselo njengoko isixhobo siyaphazanyeka ngexesha. Lokhu kuthembisa ekuphuliseni iingxaki ezifana nokuchithwa kwe-micro fractures kunye nokwandiswa kwe-silica okungeza kuzophazanyeka isigqabi ngendlela engaphezulu.

Izixhobo ze-resin ze-rim ephakathi (15–20%) zihlambuluka kakhulu kwindima yesilinganiso

Xa usebenza nge-silinganiso, ukugcina i-diamond concentrations phakathi kwe-15% ne-20% kwi-resin bonds yenzela ukuba kube lula kakhulu ukukhuthaza. Lokhu kunciphisa izinkinga ezihlupheleyo njengezindlela zokugcina okanye i-blemishes zomlilo owodwa okwenzekayo ngokupheleleyo. Abakhuthazi besilinganiso bathanda ngakumbi i-continuous rim designs ngoba zihlawulela ngokulinganayo iindlela zokukhuthaza ngaphandle kwe-calcite structure yomthombo. Ukulawulela okulinganayo kohlulela ukungcolwa okungafanelekile okwenza i-smears esilungileyo emva kokuphela. Xa i-resin ibetha ngexesha, ibeka i-diamonds ivulekile ngexabiso elilodwa. Lokhu ukubetha ngokondalo kuhlala kuhlala kuhlala kugcina i-grit shape elidingekayo ukufumana iziphumo ezilinganayo ngelishwa kungakhathalela ukugcinwa kwesizathashathwa ngexesha lekukhuthazeko.

Ukuvavanyo Kwesimo Sezinhlalo: Idata Yasekhalenda Nezindlela Ezilungileyo Zokusebenza

Amadinambi ayaphetha lutho xa kufika emzatshini ngamanye amathuluzi akhethekileyo asebenza ngokwempahla ethile, akhombisa ukuguquka kwemisebenzi yasekhaya nokwehluleka kakhulu kwezinto ezimazivivini. Xa usebenzisa i-quartz eqinisiwe, izixhumanisi zokubandakanya nezilimi eziphelele ziyasebenza nge-40% angaphezu kwezinye izixhumanisi zokusebenza ngokujulile, njengoba kuchazwe kumahluko aphefumula emkhakheni wokwenza izinto. I-marble inikeza izinkinga ezihlukene kakhulu. Izixhumanisi ezinemigqa ephinde-phinde ebandakanywe ne-resin zibeka phansi izinkinga zokugayaza kwegunya nge-60%, ngisho kangaka njengoba zihlinzela indima yokudluliswa kwezincwadi ezimbili kusuka kwindawo yesilinda xa kusekelwa. Abasebenzi abaningi bazi kakhulu okuthathu: ungakwazi ukuvikela i-quartz ukuthi ibe yinkimbila ekusekelweni ngaphandle kwegusha ngoba izincwadi zingaba ngu-graphite uma izibindi azisondelani kakhulu; vikela amaspeedi okupholisha kwe-marble aphansi kwe-3,000 RPM ukuze uvikele ukuthi isilinda singagaye; futhi amakhaya esekeli abashintsha ukusebenzisa izixhumanisi ezithile ngalunye uluhlo lwesilinda babona ukuthi izilinganiso zobugebengu bezifinyelela phansi kakhulu. Amakhaya esekeli abasebenzisa kangangokuba amabhobho angaphezu kwe-500 ngexesha linye buyisela ngama-22% emali engaqashelwa uma basekela imithetho efanelekileyo. Kungani? Ngoba lezi zixhumanisi ezikhethiwe ziphila ngendlela efanelekileyo futhi zimemezela izinkinga ezijikelezayo njengezindlela zokusekelwa kwe-quartz ezidla izixhumanisi zokusekelwa kwe-marble ngexesha. Lokhu akuyona kuphela ithiyori ebantwini bezigaba zomnotho. Amakhaya esekeli eNorth America wonke ubude bendawonye bayabona lezi ziphumo ngokwazo kunezinsuku eziningi manje.

IMibuzo: Ukuqonda Ukusebenzisa Izixhobo Zediamond Ngokweqwele neMarble

Kungani izixhobo ze diamond zidinga ngokweqwele ne marble?

Uqwele unobukhali bukho kakhulu ngokuba kunezilica, ngelixa i-marble ingcono kwaye ibuthakathaka. Kuzo zonke kufuneka kusebenzise izixhobo ze diamond ezithile ezihlaziyiwe ngokweziqhamo nezobuchwepheshe kumgca wokugcwalisa nokugcwalisa.

Kutheni na xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezingalunganga kumqwele okanye i-marble?

Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ze marble kumqwele kungakha ukugcine kakhulu kwe diamond, ngelixa izixhobo ze quartz zingachaphaza iindawo ze marble ngokuba ixhobo elinganayo kwezililo nezobuchwepheshe.

Kungani ixhobo le metal lithandwa kumqwele, kwaye ixhobo le resin lithandwa kumarble?

Izixhobo ze metal bond zihlanza ukugcina kwezililo, zinikela ubunzima phantsi kwezinkciyo ezide. Izixhobo ze resin bond zinika ukugcina okungcono okulingeliswe kubuthakathaka be marble, zihlanza ukuchaphazwa kwesahluko kwaye zinikela umgca oqhamayo.