Ubomi BaseseKwisayensi Ngamazingqayi Amilungileyo Kwiifomulayo ZePadi Yokuphahla I-Diamond

Ukufundwa Kwamazingqayi Amilungileyo Kunye Nempawu Yabo Elinganiselweyo Kwiindlela Zokusebenzisa Ukuphahla

Izingcindezi ezimbi zezulu eziyintsondo ezithile njenge-cerium ne-lanthanum zinezinhlayiya ze-electron eziyingxenye kakhulu ekupholisweni kwediamond. Lezi zinto zilondoloza ngisho xa ziqashelwa kwi-oxygen futhi ubungako bazo buqinisekisa ukuthi zihlukanahlanu kahle nabasebenzi abanezulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhula okuncane kwenza isenzo esigcwele ngenxa yokugaya. Sebenzisa umfanekiso we-cerium oxide (CeO2). Xa isebenziswa ekupholiseni, ikhiqiza izibopho ezingatholakali ne-atom carbon ku-inthanethi. Izivikelo zibonisa ukuthi le ndlela ibe yasendlela ukulahlekelwa phansi kwesayensi ye-engineered stone ngaproximately 18 kuya ku-22 iphesenti kunemithodi engaphambili ngokwesicwangciso esaphindwe kwi-Journal of Manufacturing Processes ngojulile. Umbuzo obehle bakho bukuhlakanipha kule nto kukuthi lezi zingcindezi ezimbi zezulu zingasusa i-electron, okusiza ekukhuliseni isiphazamiso esingcono emaqatini wonke wesikhathi sokupholisa.

Ukuxhasana Kwe-CMP Okunikezwe Ngokufakwa Kwamathamatha AREE

Izinqobo ze-earth eziphakeme zidala indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni izindlela zokupolisha ngokuchazwa kwezinkinga ngoba zixhumanisa ukugayaya kwemichiza nokurekhoda kwezinkinga. Xa izipadi ziphakanyiswa nge-lanthanum, zidala amandla akhululekile okwenzela ukuthi izihlangothi ze-diamond zilahlekelwe kodwa zibambeke isimo sabo sesimiso. Lokhu kusinika isikhathi eside sokupolisha izibhamu ze-quartz, kususa isikhathi sokupolisha kabusha phakathi kwe-30 kuze kube ngu-40 iphasenthi ngokwesiqephu esiphubekayo e-Diamond nezidinga Ezinxantathu ngoPhephile kaMafungu. Indlela yokwenza yonke ibalulekile ngoba lezi zinqobo ze-earth ziphakeme zikwazi ukulungisa amandla e-pH lapho kepha ipadi ihlangana nesihlangothi sesiseko. Lokhu kusiza ekusukumeni kwezindlela zokuhlanganiswa kwe-silica embangeni wamakhambi ngaphandle kokulahleka kwebumbili yesiseko.

Imiphumela Yekhatalishiya YeZinqobo Ze-Earth Kususa I-Material Ne-Ukupholisha Kwesihlangothi

Izingqikithi ze-earth eziphakeme zisebenza njengamakhatalishiya emaphulekethi we-diamond polishing, ekwenzela ukuthi kunciphiseke kakhulu imoto yokukhula kwizinto ezikhishwa ngexesha lokuphatha. Xa i-cerium ions zifundiswa, zenza iziphumo ze-redox ezingaba yinxalenye ye-carbon-carbon bonds ngokuchaza okanye kabini kungaphantsi kokusebenzisa indlela ephambili ngokuxoxwa kwi-Journal of Manufacturing Processes ngoPencadlini. Lokhu kuthetha ntoni ngendlela efanelekileyo? Kukhawuleza kancinci ngexesha lokusebenza okuvumela ukuba kufane ngcono kakhulu kwindawo esuka ezenziwa ngazo, okanye kufikelela kakhulu kwe-roughness values phantsi kwe-0.1 micrometers. Ingcinezelo enye ethandekayo ihlanganisa nezici ezihlala ngokwahlukileyo ze-rare earth oxides. Zinobuchwepheshe obusabalalisa ngokuzenzekelayo obuvuselela ubude be-abrasive pads futhi bakhokele kakhulu kangaka ngaphezu kwe-20 kuze kube ngu-25% ngoba umugqa osebenzayo uchazwa ngokuphindaphindi xa usenziwa.

Ukuthini Kwezinto Ezihle Kukhona Ukumelana Okuphelele Kakhulu KweQuartz Kunye Nequba Lequba

Xa izinto ezihle zilandela zibandakanya nezinto ezibhaxa ezenziwa ngendalo kumgwebo wokumelana, zenza iziphumo ezichanekileyo ezisezantsi ezaziwa ukuba zihlela izici ezincinci ezishiywe ngemisebenzi yezixhobo eziphambili. Le zinto zasebenza njengezondla kumgwebo wesilika, zenzela ukuba kufaneleke kakhulu ukuthi izinto zithiye kumgwebo wokumelana, ikakhulu ebalulekile xa kusebenziswa nezinto ezibuthiweyo ezinezilica ezikhulu. Ngokwesicwangciso esiphulile kwigama elithi tribology kuleminyaka, amgwebo ahlelwe ngalezi zinto ezihle zilandela zenza amgwebo apho amanzi ayefaneleke kakhulu ngaphezu kwe 25% kunazo ezinye. Izinombolo zenza ngcono: ubungakanani bomgwebo uthatha usizi kusuka kwi-0.16 micrometers usukuze liphinde lise kwi-0.12 micrometers xa kusebenziswa kumzobo wequba lequba.

Ukwenza Kakhulu Kwemfazwe: Indima Yezinto Ezincinane Ezihle Kukhona Ekukhupheleni Kwizici

Lapho sinezela phakathi kuka-0.5 no-1.2 amaphesenti ngesisindo ama-oxide omhlaba angavamile kumakhemikhali okupholisha, akhomba ngokukhethekile kulezo zingxenye ezicasulayo eziphansi komhlaba ezihlasela amatshe ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqedela. Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngokuvumelana namazinga e-ASTM G133 kwembula ukuthi amapads agcwele i-lanthanum anikeza ukusebenza okungcono okungu-40% kokuthambisa okuncane. Imiphumela engokoqobo? Ngokuvamile, kunezinkinga ezimbalwa zabakhiqizi bamatshe. Ukuqhekeka kwe-edge kwehla cishe ngama-20%, ukuqedela okufiphele kuba kancane ngesithathu futhi lawo mabala okudlulisa amatshe acasulayo ancipha cishe ngama-22%. Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Izakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile zakha izingqimba ezizinzile ze-oxide ebusweni, ezisiza ukuvimbela izinhlayiya ezihlabayo ukuba zingashintshi lapho ziphonswe ngaphansi kwamandla angokomshini angaphezu kuka-120 megapascals. Lokhu kuzinza kwenza umehluko ekufinyeleleni imiphumela elula, engenasici.

Isifundo Secala: Amapads Ahlanganiswe neCerium Ekuqedeni Okuphezulu Kwezakhiwo Zokwakha

Ukuchazwa okulondoloziwe okuhlolisa iziphasi zediamond eziyenzelwe ng-cerium (125 µm grit) kusuka kuzinye izinketho eziphathelene zibonisa izimphakathi eziphathelene:

Umsebenzi wokubuyekezela kuka-cerium wakhangelwa kuzinkinga ezintsha kakhulu kunezinkinga 3,500+, wenza ukuthi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwe-slurry ngaphansi kuka-17% emazingeni yezakhamuzi.

Ukun extending kwe-Diamond Pad Longevity Ngokudala Kwamathambo We-Rare Earth

Ukuthuthukisa Ukungcoliseka Ngama-Resin Bond Matrices Azenzelwe Ngokuthunywa

Ukufakwa kuka-lanthanum oxide kwi-resin bonds kungakhula ubomi bawo ku-30 ukuya ku-40 iphesenti ngaphandle kwezinhlelo eziyisisekelo njengoko kuchaziwe yi-Industry Analysis engu-2023. Okuthi kusabalalisa yile: i-lanthanum iyakhula indlela abambana ngayo i-polymers, ihlenza umkhondo owodwa okwanele ukuqina izikhumba ezinzima zama-diamond noma uma ungcola. Imiphumela emhlabeni ibhalisa futhi: sibona amathuba angu-45 angaphansi kokuphazamiswa kwamagqabi ngemisebenzi yezinto ezinzima njenge-granite ne-quartzite. I-resins ezigciniwe zizakhula zihlukile, zibonisa ukunyuka kuka-22% ngokusho kwezivivinyo ze-nanoindentation. Futhi abasebenzisi babala ukuthi lezi resin ezinzile zilala kude kakhulu, ziyakhula zifinyelela ku-350 ukuya ku-400 amahora ethu ekugcineni ukugcina kwe-marble ngaphambi kokuthi kudingekwe ukubuyiselwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba i-lanthanum inemithwalo yangempela, umcolo uphinde uphinde kube yilapho, lokhu kusho ukuthi amapadi ayohlukana ngokushesha uma kusebenziswa kuzindlebe ezinzima ezinezulu ezingu-3 centimeters.

Ukunciphisa Ukugayaza Kwamapadi Ekusebenzisweni Kwezimali Eziphakeme

Ukungena Kwama-REE kukhupha izimo ezimbili eziphambene nezimo zokugayazeka ekusebenzisweni okuphinde kuzo:

Izivikeli zezimali zibonisa ukuthi amapadi athuthelwe nge-rare earth ayadinga ukubuyiselwa okuncane kangaka ngokusa-35% kanti 10,000 sq.ft. yequartz ezigunyaziwe, ekuphazakeni kakhulu ukusabalalisa isikhathi kumendini e-24/7. Izindlela zokuziphatha zomthwalo wama-REE (<0.8 wt%) zihlenza izinhlelo zomthwalo okuphinde kuphinde kuziphathelene ezimantiseba kakhulu ukusebenza kakhulu kanti 85% yesikhathi sepad.

Ukulinganisa Kukhono: Izinguqulo Eziphakeme Kwama-REE Ngokungafani Nezinguqulo Ezilandelwayo

Ukusebenza kwesiphalaphala, ubomi bomphumela, nesikhathi sepad: Ukulinganisa ngokudondoloza

Izinpadi zokuphalaphala ze-diamond eziphakeme kwama-REE zifinyelela izilinganiso zokususwa kwamandla ngaphezu kuka-23% kunazo ezilandelwayo, ngoba zingasebenzisa izinkinga zokuxhumana kwezokuchitha futhi kube yisibindi sokushisa sokuphazanyiswa kwe-diamond. Izilinganiso zokungahambeki kwesayizi ziyagcina phakathi kuka-0.02–0.05 μm Ra nezinpadi eziphakeme kwama-REE, ngempela kuka-0.08–0.12 μm Ra kumaqiniso amandla—futhi kuzodingeka kakhulu kumthwalo we-stone ojikelezayo.

Ukuhlaziywa kokufa nokuthanda kokuFaka izinto ezimbi kuma-CMP slurries

Nakuba izinto ezenziwa ngokufakwa kwe-REE zakhweza izindleko zamathuba kuqala ngama-18–22% (Ingcumo ye-CMP Solutions 2023), lokhu kuchithwa ngokuphansi kwezilingo ngama-40% kanye nokusebenzisa okuncane kabusha ngama-31% kweslurry ukusukela ekunakekelweni kwezinto, ezibonakala kakhulu. Abayenzayo bathola ubude bezimali zabo ngeminyaka eyishumi na-14 emaphethelweni aphumelelayo. Kodwa, uhlengo oluhlukeyo lwebalekileyo kwe-REE kudinga ukuthenga okunembuso.

Ukuqaphekela kwezempilo yezulu kanye nesekwalithi yezinto ezenziwa ngama-REE

Imithodi yamanje yokuthinta kwasekhanda ikhuthaza ikhasimende yebalekileyo ye-REE ngama-37% ukusukela ku-2018. Ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezifana ne-cobalt, izinto ezenziwa ngama-REE azidingi risk ye-leaching yamathambo abubi. Injongo yezomnotho ku-2022 yayifinyelela ukutholwa kwe-lanthanum kwezingu-92% kusuka kumathuba athintwayo ngokuphinda phinda kakhulu, okwenzekelayo ekususweni kwizimali ezihlelekileyo ekwakhiweni kwamathuba akhiweyo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Iziphi izinto ezincane ezahlukene?

Izinto ezincane ezahlukene zinguphakathi kwezingu-17 zezinto ezifanayo ngokugcina ezenziwa kwezinye iindustri ngenxa yesimo sayo sangaphambi se-electron.

Izizukulwane ezihle zikahle njani izipara zokuphahla izibonakude?

Zahlanya imithetho yokuphahla, zakhopheza ukudurableka, zilungiselela ubomi bethu, kanti zazinzima futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi kuhlale kukhuni ngokuthi kuhlanganiswa ngokugcwele nezibonakude.

Kutheni okungcono kokusebenzisa izipara zokuphahla ezinezizukulwane ezihle?

Zakhupha ukwenzenjalo kwesifungo, zidlonga ubomi bezipara, kanti zazinzima nokuthi kuhlale kukhuni ngenxa yokuphula isikhathi sokusebenzisa.

Izimpendulo ezigcwele ngezizukulwane ezihle ziyathembeka kumhlabathi?

Yebo, izinyathelo ezisha zazimisela impact ethu yalesigaba, kanti zinguqukumbeko olunempilo kunazo ezingenye ezigcine kogogozi.