Indlela Ukuhlukanisa Ukubondi Kuhlanganisa Ubukhuluphe Bokugcina Umoya Futhi Ubukhuluphe Bokuhlanganiswa

Ukunciphisa ukuthwasa kwokugcina umoya kwezisikhangiso zokuchitha ezihlanganisiwe ze-diamond/CBN

Izinhlelo zokuxubha ezihlanganisiwe zihlanganisa izinhlamvu zedayimane ne-cubic boron nitride (CBN) ukuze ziphathe ukushisa kangcono kunezindlela zendabuko ngenxa yezakhiwo zokuxhuma eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile. Izinto zokunamathisela ezivamile azisasebenzi. Amafomula amasha e-hybrid empeleni axubana nezingqimba ze-ceramic eziqhuba ukushisa kanye nezinye izinsimbi ezisiza ekuqedeni ukushisa okubangelwa izinqubo zokugaya. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amazinga okushisa endaweni yokuxhumana ehla cishe ngama-degree angu-300 uma eqhathaniswa namathuluzi ajwayelekile ane-abrasive eyodwa ngokusho kwedatha ye-Abrasive Engineering Society kusukela ngo-2023. Ukugcina izinto zipholile kubalulekile ngoba kuvimbela amadayimane ukuba angashintshi abe i-graphite lapho amazinga okushisa ehla ngaphansi kuka-1.400 degrees futhi kuvimbela i-CBN ukuba ingashintshi ibe ngamazinga angaphezu kuka-1.800 degrees. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kugcina izinga lalawo mabele abizayo ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezinzima. Abakhiqizi nabo baye baphawula okuthile okuthakazelisayo. Babona ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi abo kuncipha ngamaphesenti angu-40 lapho besebenza ngensimbi eqinile nama-superalloys. Uma sibheka umbiko we-AES ka-2023 wokuthi ukushisa kuyithinta kanjani i-abrasives, lezi zinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe zihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu phakathi kokudayiswa okudingekayo ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo kokugaya, cishe izikhathi ezingu-2.3 kunezindlela ezijwayelekile.

Ukuqhubeka Ngokuphatha Kwezinkinga Zokuhambisana Kwemilayela Kwezinkotha Zokugrinda Ezizwakalisekile

Ukuhlanganisa idayimane ne-CBN kusondo elilodwa lokusika kuletha izinselele ezinkulu ngoba lezi zinto azihlanganisi kahle ngokwemvelo. Idayimane lisebenza kahle uma liboshwe ngensimbi, kodwa i-CBN idinga okuthile okuhluke ngokuphelele - ngokuvamile i-matrix eqinile ye-vitrified noma ye-ceramic iyafaneleka. Nokho, onjiniyela abahlakaniphile baye baveza izixazululo zokuhlanganisa ama-hybrid. Lezi zakhiwo eziphambili ngokuyisisekelo zakha izingqimba ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sesondo. Izingxenye zensimbi zibambe izinhlamvu zedayimane endaweni yazo, kuyilapho izingxenye ezikhethekile ze-ceramic zakha lezo zixhumanisi ezibalulekile zamakhemikhali nezinhlayiya ze-CBN. Le ndlela yokulungisa ngezinga elithile isiza ekuxazululeni inkinga enkulu yokwehluka kokwanda kokushisa okungafinyelela ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-8 ngomitha owodwa. Izihlanganisi ezintsha ze-nanocomposite zenza izinto zibe ngcono nakakhulu lapho kusetshenziswa izinto, zisenza sisebenzise okusanhlamvu okungaphezu kuka-90% uma kuqhathaniswa no-70% ezinhlelweni ezindala. Imiphumela yangempela ibonisa ukuthi ukususwa kwezinto ngokushesha okungama-25% lapho kusetshenziswa i-titanium, futhi akusadingeki sikhathazeke ngokuthi kuzoba khona ukuqhuma kwezibopho phakathi nesiketi. Futhi yebo, lezi zinguquko ziye zadlula iziqondiso zokuhlola eziqinile ezimiswe yi-NIST ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana kwezinto ezibonakalayo.

Amadvantages okusebenza: Indlela yokusebenza ephakeme kakhulu, Ukugcina kwemboni yokuqala, nokuthuthukisa kwe-MRR

Ukongeza amathuluzi okususa umfanekiso futhi ukunciphisa amasikhathi okusebenza emazincwadi athile

Kodwa kufundwa kwezinkulungwane ezikhanyayo, izisikumbi sezinkabi zokusebenza ngokuphelele zinakukhuthaza amathuba okususa umfanekiso kusuka ku-20 ku-30% ngokulinganisa nezindlela zezinkulungwane zokusebenza ngokwesibonelo. Zifika loku ngokugcina ukhanyo olukhulu lwediamonds nokuthintana kwemithombo yokuqinisa kwe-cubic boron nitride (CBN). Lokhu kusho ukuthi abaphatha amathuba ayizigaba zokusebenza ngokuphelele kuzoba nempilo yokubeka amakhono akho ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokuzwa ukuthi kuzobuyiselwa izinyathelo zokusebenza. Izixhobo zihlala zikhanyayo nakwhenkosi izintemperetsha ziyagcina phansi kwe-1,400 degrees Fahrenheit, okuyisikhathi esingaphezu kwezinkulungwane zokusebenza ngokwesibonelo zokuthola kuzo izinto zokuphelele phambi kokuthi zibuyisele. Kwenza ukuthi kubhekwe kancane kwezinkabi zokusebenza ngokuphelele, futhi lokhu kusiza ekubeni kubhekwe kancane kwezinkabi zokusebenza ngokuphelele kusukela emsebenzini wokugrind. Kumaqondo owenziwe ngokuphelele, njengokuthi ama-gear shafts noma ama-bearing races angu-30% angu-30%, lezizigaba zokusebenza ziyabeka isikhathi sokusebenza ngokuphelele ngokuphelele ngokuphelele ngokuphelele. Futhi sibone ukuthi, isikhathi esincane sisiza ekutholeni imali ngalokho lokho okwenziwe.

Isikhathi sokusebenza kwesithuthu kanye nokubhekana nokuphatha kwezibonakaliso: Diamond vs. CBN vs. izinhlangano zezibonakaliso ezihlukene

I-Diamond isebenza kahle kumazinto angafane noma amasili, kodwa iyadlula kusukela kufika emoyeni wokugqogqola amasili apho imizimba yomoya ibe ngamashumi amabili namathathu nezinkulu (1,472 degrees Fahrenheit). Ngaphakathi kwalokho, i-CBN isebenza kahle kumasilika apho kuyasebenza kahle, kodwa inqaba ukubhekana nezinye izinto ezingafane noma amasili ezikwenzekileyo. Lokhu kukuphela okubhekana nokuthi izinhlangano zezibonakaliso ezihlukene ziyasebenza kanjani. Lezi zinhlangano zisebenzisa izindlela zokubondi ezinamandla okubonakalisa i-Diamond noma i-CBN ngokuchaza ukuthi yini lezinye izinto ezisetyenziswa kuzo. Uma kusebenziswa kumazinto ohlukene, lezi zinhlangano ziyasebenza kusukela ku-40% ukuze ku-50% kude kunezithuthu ezisebenzisa umunye ubunyathelo lobonakaliso kuphela. Kunezidingo eziningi ezithembekileyo futhi: izihlabathi zezinhlangano zibonisa ukuphatha kwezihlabathi ngokulingana ne-35% kancane kunezihlabathi ze-CBN kuphela uma kusebenziswa kumazinto othi carbide tipped. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunezinkinga ezinkulu zokuhlinzekisa ukuthi izinto ziyakhala kahle ngokuphelele kwezikhathi ezide zokuproducwa ngaphandle kokuguqula izithuthu ngokuphelele.

Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko zezinhlelo ze-hybrid abrasive naphezu kokutshalwa kwemali okuphezulu kokuqala

Kungani izindleko eziphakeme zokuqala ziholela ezindlekweni eziphansi zengxenye ngayinye ekugaya ngokunemba

Izinhlelo zokuchoboza ezihlanganisiwe zibiza cishe amaphesenti angu-20 kuya kwangu-40 ngaphezulu ekuqaleni uma ziqhathaniswa nezindlela ezivamile zokuchoboza, kodwa zisawusizo ngokwezimali ekugcineni. Ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile bokuhlanganisa empeleni benza lawa masondo okugaya ahlale cishe ama-30% ngaphezu kwamasondo ajwayelekile e-CBN lapho esebenza ngensimbi eqinile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kudingeka kushintshwe okuncane futhi kunciphe nesikhathi esichithwa silinde imishini ukuba imise ukusebenza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingxenye zenziwa ngokushesha ngoba izinga lokususa izinto ngokuvamile lingcono ngo-15 kuya ku-25%. Kubakhiqizi abasebenza ngezinga elikhulu abacubungula izingxenye ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingu-10 inyanga ngayinye, lokhu kulondolozwa ngokuvamile kubuyisela imali eyengeziwe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-12. Lokho okuqala njengendleko enkulu kugcina kuyimali esetshenziswe kahle uma kubhekwa inzuzo ephelele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izindlela Zokusebenza Eziningi Kwezinto Ezingavunyelwa Ngokuphelele Kwezintambo Ezikhulu Nokwenza Iziphakade Zokuphatha Ngokuphelele

Ukuphatha ngokuphelele kwezintambo zokuphatha, izintambo eziqondile, nezintambo zokuphatha ngokuphelele (HSS)

Kodwa kusukela kumithambo emhlophe njengokwesikharbu, isitayile esikhanyayo, nokuthi kubalulekile ukugrinda kwezinsizakalo zezibhalo (HSS), izinhlangano zezibhalo zezinkundla ziyasebenza kahle lapha izinkundla zezigqila zingakwazi ukufuna. Isikharbu sikhulu kakhulu kusukela kusihlwa kwezinkundla zezigqila ngokushesha. Isitayile esikhanyayo sisebenza ngokushesha kakhulu ngokugrinda futhi sisebenza ngokushesha kakhulu ngokugrinda. Kanti kuyisibhalo sokuziphatha esikhanyayo (HSS) esinokubeka izinkinga ezingaphezu kwezinye ngokuthi kuyisibhalo sokuziphatha. Umphilo wokuphatha ubonakala lapha sizihlanganisa izibhalo zezinkundla zezidiamond nezincundla zezicubic boron nitride (CBN). Izibhalo zezidiamond ziyasihlwa kahle kumathambu okwesikharbu, kanti izincundla zezicubic boron nitride (CBN) ziyasihlwa kahle kuzo zizinkinga zokuphatha kwesitayile. Abafundi besho ukuthi babona ubukhulu obukhulu kulesi sihlwa - ngokuvamile ukuthi kungabi nesikhathi esishumi nesibhili esingu-25% kanye nokuthi izinkundla ziyasebenza ngokushesha kakhulu ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile ngokuvamile......

Isibonelo sesiqephu: Ukuphuthumula ukusebenza kwezinhlangano zokwenziwa kwezinkampani zokwenziwa kwezincwadi zezinkampani

Omunye wabadlali abakhulu embonini yamathuluzi okusika usanda kushintshela ezinhlelweni zokuxubha ezihlanganisiwe ukuze enze imishini yokusika. Okwenzeka ngokulandelayo kwaba okuhlaba umxhwele - bakwazi ukunciphisa izikhathi zokujikeleza cishe ngo-22%, konke lokhu kuyilapho beqhubeka nokulinganisela okuqinile okungu-plus noma-minus 0.005 mm. Lapho kusebenza ngezingxenye eziyize ze-tungsten carbide, amazinga okususa izinto akhuphuka ngo-35% uma eqhathaniswa namasondo okugaya avamile. Futhi kwakukhona nenye inzuzo: opharetha kwakudingeka bashintshe amasondo izikhathi ezingu-40% kancane ngoba uhlelo olusha lwaluphatha kangcono kakhulu izinto ezihlukahlukene ngenxa yezindawo zokubopha ezingcono phakathi kwezingxenye. Uma sibheka umugqa ophansi, lokhu kwaholela ekwehliseni izindleko zengxenye ngayinye ekhiqizwayo ngo-18%, kanye nokwenyuka okuphawulekayo kwamandla okukhiqiza jikelele afinyelela kuma-28%. Okuhle nakakhulu ukuthi akukho kulokhu okuzuzayo okwenzeka ngenxa yokungathembeki kokukhiqizwa kwamapayipi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

U: Iziphakade zokusebenzisa izinhlobo zezinkunkuma zokugqabha ezihlanganisiwe?

I: Iziphakade zivela kuzo kukuba kubhekiswe kuthi kunezinkinga zokuhlanza, isikhathi eside sokusebenza kwesithuthu, ukuphatha okuhle kwezinye zezinye, izindlela eziyinkulu zokususa umfanekiso (MRR), nokuncipha ukugqabha kwezinkunkuma.

U: Kungani izinhlobo zezinkunkuma zokugqabha ezihlanganisiwe ziyakhulisa ukuthengiswa ngokulingana?

Nakuba kunezimali eziningi ekwakhiweni kwanasekhaya, lezi zinhlobo ziyatholakala ngokuthi zinomlando oyingaki, ukuprosesa okuthephile, nokuncipha ukubuyisela, futhi kubonakala ukuthi kunezimali ezincane ekugcineni kokusebenza.

U: Iziphi izinto ezikhethekile kakhulu ngezinhlobo zezinkunkuma zokugqabha ezihlanganisiwe?

Izinhlobo zezinkunkuma zokugqabha ezihlanganisiwe ziyasebenza kahle kugqabha izicelo zokugqabha, izilayili zokugqabha, izilayili zokugqabha zokushisa (HSS), nezinye izilayili ezinzima ukugqabha.

U: Ukuthintana kwezinhlobo zezinkunkuma zokugqabha ezihlanganisiwe kwezinkunkuma zokugqabha zokugqabha kufanani na?

Izinhlobo zezinkunkuma zokugqabha ezihlanganisiwe zinokuthintana okukhulu (8–15 W/mK), okuthuthukisa ukususa kwezinkunkuma kugqabha.