Isimo sokuqondisa nokwakha: Izinguquko ezibalulekile ekubaleni iziqukuthelo phakathi kwe-sintered kunye ne-electroplated

Ukufakwa kwezinto zokugcina kwezimboni: Ukusintera (Ukudlula kwezinto zokugcina ngokungafana) kunye nokuelectroplate (Ukufaka kwezinto zokugcina ngokusebenzisa i-electricity)

Ukuhlanganisa kubalulekile kubalulekile kuhlanganisa ipowda yametalu nesiphakade sesidiamond ngokusebenzisa isikhephe esikhulu sokushisa ngapansi kwesikhathi esisodwa ngokwesibini, ngokwesibini kwe-750 degrees Celsius, futhi ngokusebenzisa ubukhulu obukhulu. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kubhekwe isithembiso esisolidi kodwa kusukela kumaphuzu okungahlanganisiweyo apho amadiamond ayabhalwa emaphakathi kwe-matrix ngemiphakathi eyahlukahlukene. Ukufaka i-electroplating kusebenza kahle kanye. Kufaka amadiamond amancane ngolayini oluncane lwesilwane se-nickel noma se-cobalt, okunjalo okungafana nokungafana nomlana wamanzi omphakathi wamanzi, ngokwesibini kungafana nokungafana nomlana wamanzi wamanzi, ngokusebenzisa umoya wokugcina. Amadiamond ayabhalwa kubase yamastel ephakathi kwalolu layini lwanike, akasukela kubhalwa kuzo zonke izindawo zokubhalwa. Lezi ziquketho zokubhalwa ziyathinta kakhulu indlela yabo yokusebenza. Izinkampani zokuhlanganisa zihlukumeza kahle kanye kahle kanye, zibonisa amadiamond amasha ngokuphambuka kwezindawo zokuhlukumeza kwezinye izindawo zokuhlukumeza. Izinkampani zokufaka i-electroplating zisebenza kahle kusukela ukuthi ulayini lwesilwane luncane luhlukumeze, emva koko amadiamond yonke ayahlukumeze ngokuphambuka kwezindawo zokuhlukumeza. Kumaqhuba okunqamuka kakhulu kanye nokuhlukumeza kakhulu njengezinqamuka kwe-concrete engeziwe ngamandla, izinkampani zokuhlanganisa ziyasebenza kahle kakhulu ngoba azihlukumezi lapho kushisa kakhulu. Izinkampani zokufaka i-electroplating zihlukumeza kahle kakhulu lapho kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezindawo zokuhlukumeza ngoba ulayini lwabo lokubhalwa alizange libe lomkhulu lapho kuyasebenza ngokuphambuka kwezindawo zokuhlukumeza.

Ukugcina i-Diamond, Ukuboniswa kwe-Grit, nokufakwa kwemithi yokuqondisa

Amabhithe okusintere kubhala ngeminyaka emine nesihlanu kunezokuelectroplated ngoba kubhekisa amadimondi kahle ngokusebenza kwabo kwe-matrix esilungile. Yini okwenza ukuthi bafuna kakhulu? Kuyinto leyo: lezi zibhithe zinezindawo zomadimondi ezinkulu (ngokwesibonelo, ngeminyaka emane) futhi zinezindawo ezingaphansi ezizokuvula ukukhupha umsindo wokuchitha, okuchitha izinto ngeminyaka emashumi elishumi kunezokuelectroplated. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhundla sokuchitha sibhekiswe kahle ngokuphakeme kanye nokusebenza kahle ngokuphakeme nakulandela amahora amaningi. Kodwa amabhithe okuelectroplated ayisibonelo esahlukene. Ayisibonelo sokuthi yenza kahle kwanqaba ngoba ilayiya yayo eyodwa iyabonisa amadimondi angu-70–80% kwanqaba. Kodwa lokho okuhambisana: uma lezi zidimondi zihlukile, akukho lutho olubalekile ukuthi libeke lisebenze. Uyachitha ngamathambo asegranite ethulile? Amabhithe okusintere ayakwazi ukuchitha izimbuzi ezinkulu neziningi (ngaphezu kwezikhombisa ezikhulu) kabusha ngaphambi kokuthi kufuneka kubuyiselwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi amabhithe okuelectroplated ayakwazi ukufika kuphela kwezikhombisa ezingu-20–30. Lokhu kubonisa kahle ukuthi ubukhulu bakho bokubaluleka kakhulu uma kufuneka kubhekeleke kubukhulu bakho bokudlula kwezimo zezinsuku zezinsuku.

Ukuchazi Kwezinkinga: Ubunzima Bekhanda, Ukuthinteka Kwemithambo, Nokuphakanyiswa Kwemithambo

Amabhodi edayimane enziwe ngokuwahlunga agcina isikhathi eside kunalawo anezinto zokumboza ezenziwe ngogesi ngenxa yokuthi izinsimbi zixhuma kanjani kumadayimane kuyo yonke indawo. Lapho kuhlolwa izinto ezinzima njengebhethini eliqinisiwe, izingcezu ezifakwe i-sinter zingahlala isikhathi eside ngokuphindwe kathathu kuya kwabahlanu phakathi kokukhishwa. Izisebenzi eziqashiwe zibika ukuthi zithola izimbobo ezicishe zibe ngu-50 eziphakathi kwazo uma kuqhathaniswa nezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-20 kuphela ezikulezi zinguqulo ezifakelwe ugesi. Ngokuqinisekile kunesimo esihlobene nesivinini nobude besikhathi esiphila kuso. Ekuqaleni, ama-bit agqokwa ngogesi asika ngokushesha ezintweni ezithambile njengamathayili noma izitini, kodwa aqala ukulahlekelwa amandla ngokushesha lapho nje ukwakheka okuphansi kwedayimane sekuqalile ukuwohloka. Izingcezu ezihlanganisiwe ziqhubeka zihamba ngesivinini esifanayo kuze kube yilapho kudingeka zishintshwe. Lokho lokhu okushoyo ngomsebenzi wangempela wokubhola nakho kubalulekile. Indlela yokugqoka izingcezu ezifakwe i-sinter ihlala iqondile ukuze ububanzi bomgodi bube obuqondile futhi izinhlangothi ziphumele ngaphandle bushelelezi. Nokho, izingcezu ezifakelwe i-electroplated zivame ukukhiqiza imiphumela engaguquguquki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izimbobo zazo zingase zigcine zikhulu kakhulu, zingenamumo, noma zize ziqine ngoba uketshezi aluhambisani. Kubasebenzi abaqashiwe abakhetha imishini, lokhu kwehluka phakathi kokukhethwa kokucindezelwa nokugqanyiswa kubaluleke kakhulu lapho kubhekwa izindleko zokuqala uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho okubaluleke ngempela endaweni: ukuthola imiphumela eqhubekayo, ethembekile umsebenzi ngamunye.

Ukuchaza Kwezimali: Ithekhini Yokuthenga Ngaphambi Kokuthenga Nokuthenga Kwakhiwe Ngokuphelele Kwezimali Ngokwesibonelo

Ukuchaza Kwezimali Yokubuyela Emuva: Lapho Izibhiti Zokuchitha Ziyabuyela Emuva Kusenziwa (izihole ezi-12–18 zokuchitha ezinkulungwane ezisemidlula)

Kukhona ukubheka izinguquko phakathi kwezinkambo zezindiza zokugqibela nezinkambo zezindiza zokufaka ngokuphathelene nokuqonda ukuthi kubizwa ngokuthi kuzoba yini ukuthenga lezi zinkambo ngokwesikhathi eside, kodwa akubizwa kuphela ngokuthenga kwazo. Izinkambo zezindiza zokufaka zingabonakala zingaphansi kakhulu kuqala ngoba ziyathengiswa ngokuvamile ngamalitha angu-$25 ku-$40, ngaphandle kokuthenga kwazo okungu-$85 ku-$120 kwezinkambo zezindiza zokugqibela. Kodwa lapho kukhona indlela yokubhekana: lezi zinkambo ezincane zokufaka azisayi kusalela kakhulu, futhi lokhu kuyenza ukuthenga kwabo kubhekhile kakhulu ngokwesikhathi eside. Izinkambo zezindiza zokugqibela zisebenza ngendlela eyohlukile ngokuthi indawo yomthwalo uyahlukana nokuthi indiza iyahlukana, futhi lokhu kuyenza ukuthi kusalela kakhulu ngokwesikhathi eside—kubhala kusalela kusukela ku-3 ku-5 kanye noma kusebenza ematsheni amahle ayo. Lokhu kuyenza ukuthi kufanele kubuyiselwe kancane, kufanele kuhlanganiswe kancane izinkambo ezintsha, futhi kufanele kubhishwe izindlela zokusebenza ngokwesikhathi eside. Ukubona kwezinsizakwazi kuthi abasebenzi abaningi bafunda ukuthi kubhishwa kakhulu emva kokudlula ama-12 ku-18 amasiphephelo ematsheni amahle (ngokuvamile ama-3,500 ku-5,000 PSI). Izinkambo zezindiza zokufaka zihlukana emva kokudlula ama-4 ku-6 amasiphephelo ngokufanayo, futhi lokhu kuyenza ukuthi kufanele kubuyiselwe kancane izinkambo, okuyenza ukuthenga kwabo kubhekhile kakhulu ngaphezu kwe-200% uma sibheka konke ukuthenga kwezindlela zokusebenza, isikhathi sokulungisa izinkambo, futhi izinto ezingavunyelwanga. Kuma-15 amasiphephelo ngomnyaka, ukuguqula kwezinkambo zezindiza zokugqibela kuyenza ukuthenga kwabo kubhekhile ngokuvamile ngama-40%, nokho kubhekhile kakhulu ukuthenga kwabo kuqala.

Ithabeli: Ukuhlukanisa i-TCO yokubhula amaphuzu amashumi amabili kwekholo elikhanyayo. Izindlela zokusebenza/izindlela zokungasebenzi ziyakhulisa izinkinga zokusebenzisa i-electroplated.

Ukuhlanganisa okusebenzayo: Ukukhetha isitha sokubonding esifanele ngokulingana nesitha noma isilinganiso sokusebenza

Amaphuzu e-electroplated: Ayisifanele kumasebenzi angaphezulu, kwezinto ezincinci kuya kwezinkulu (amaphuzu, amabhrikhi, i-thin-set)

Amaphutha we-drill ezigcwele esebenzisa indlela yokubhinda umphuthu wamadimondi omunye kuphela kumkhono wamathilayi ngendlela yokufaka amadimondi ngokusebenzisa ukuguqula kwamandla. Lezi maphutha ayisiza kakhulu ekwenzeni kwezindlela zokuphatha izinkomba ngokuphelele kuzinye izinto ezincane kuze kuzinye izinto ezikhulu njengezinkamba zoceramika, izibhokisi, nokuthakazela okuncane. Ukubhinda kuyincane kakhulu futhi kuyiqinile, kodwa leyo yisilingo sokuphatha ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuphakama kwezinkinga nekugwala kancane kwezinto lezi. Kodwa kukho isidingo. Amadimondi asingabili kude ngoba akukho ukubhinda kahle, futhi azikwazi ukuphatha ukugwala kakhulu kabusha uma kuhlanganiswa nezinto ezingenabizo noma izihlangu. Kunezinye iziphutha lezi zokubhinda ngokusebenzisa amandla, ziyagcwalisa emva kwezinkomba ezingu-20 kuze kwezingu-30 kuzinye izinto eziphakeme. Ngalesi simo, abasebenzi abaningi bafunda lezi ziphutha ukwenza izisebenzi ezincane njengezisebenzi zokuguqula i-bathroom, apho ukulula kokuthengisa kanye nokwazi ukuphatha ukuphatha kuyisidingo esikhulu kunokuthi iphutha iyiziphi noma iyisilingo sokuphatha ukugwala.

Amaphutha Okusintela: Ama-Optimal kumaqondo okuphakeme, amaqondo okukhula (isilika esikhulayo, isilika segranite, isilika esikhulu)

Ama-bit agxishiwe asebenza ngokufaka itshe ledayimane lonke esisekelweni sensimbi esenziwe ngempuphu lapho eshaywa ngamandla amakhulu nokushisa ngesikhathi senqubo yokugxisha. Lokhu kwakha isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe esihlala siqinile ngisho nangaphansi kokucindezelwa ukushisa. Indlela izibopho zensimbi ezihlangana ngayo namadayimane inikeza la mathuluzi ukubambelela okuhle kakhulu kumadayimane ngokwawo, ngaphezu kwalokho aphatha ukushayisana kangcono futhi asuse ukushisa ngempumelelo. Lezi zimfanelo zenza zikulungele ngempela ukubhora imisebenzi ehlala isikhathi eside ezimweni ezinzima njengokusebenza ngokhonkolo oqinisiwe, ukwakheka kwegranite, noma izindawo ezinama-quartz amaningi. Lapho ushaya ibha yezingxenye eziqinile, le ngxube yensimbi eqinile ayigcini nje ngokuqhekeka kodwa iyaqhubeka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ngokuphelele. Izisebenzi zendawo zithola ukuthi lezi zingxenye ziqhubeka zisika ngejubane elifanayo emagodini amaningi ngaphambi kokuba kudingeke ukuba zibuyiselwe. Yiqiniso, izingcezu ezifakwe i-sinter zibiza cishe amaphesenti angu-40 kuya kwangu-60 ngaphezu kwezinye izindlela, kodwa abantu abaningi bayavuma ukuthi njengoba zihlala isikhathi eside izikhathi ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-5 lapho zisetshenziswa ematsheni aqinile, izindleko eziphelele empeleni ziyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amaphrojekthi okulungisa amabhuloho avuna kakhulu kulokhu ngoba usuku ngalunye olulahlekile ngenxa yokushintsha amathuluzi lubuye lubuye ngokushesha. Imibiko yezimboni ibonisa ukuthi amaqembu asebenza kulezi zinhlobo zemisebenzi aba nezinkinga ezingaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-35 lapho esebenzisa izingcezu ezifakwe i-sinter esikhundleni sezinhlobo ezifakwe i-electroplated.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Uyini umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezingcezu zedayimane ezifakwe i-sinter nezishaywe ngogesi?

Ama-bit agxishiwe enziwa ngokufaka izinhlayiya zedayimane ngaphakathi kwe-matrix yensimbi, okuholela esakhiweni esiqinile nesinama-porous. Ama-bit agqokwa ngogesi anezingqimba eziyingqayizivele zedayimane ezihlanganiswe nethuluzi, okuyinto ebeka isivinini kuqala kodwa iguge ngokushesha.

Yiluphi uhlobo lwediyamanti oluzwakala lubiza kakhulu?

Nakuba izingcezu ezifakelwe i-electroplated zinezindleko eziphansi zokuqala, izingcezu ezifakwe i-sintered zisebenza kahle ngokwezindleko esikhathini eside ngenxa yempilo yazo ende, inciphisa imvamisa yokushintshwa nezindleko zabasebenzi.

Yisiphi isikulufu esiyigugu okufanele ngisisebenzise ukuze ngisebenzise izinto ezinzima?

Ama-bit agxishiwe alungele izindawo ezifuna kakhulu, ezihlabayo njengebhethini eliqinisiwe ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwawo okuqinile namakhono okuchitheka kokushisa.

Kungani izingcezu ezifakelwe ugesi zikhula ngokushesha?

Ama-bit agqokwa ngogesi aguga ngokushesha ngoba ungqimba lwawo oluncane lokumboza alugugi ngokungafani ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo noma ukushisa ngokweqile, okuholela ekusebenzeni okungaguquguquki nasekulahlekelweni kwedayimane okusheshayo.